Research and Reviews: Abstracts 2001

Special Circular 180

Contents Forward Undergraduate Program Graduate Program Faculty

Editor Maurice L. Eastridge Assistant Editors Wayne L. Bacon C. Lynn Knipe David L. Meeker Thomas B. Turner David L. Zartman

Beef

Effects of Calpain and Calpastatin Genotypes on Growth of Angus Bulls
H. Y. Chung, M. E. Davis, and H. C. Hines

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Statistical Analysis
• Results and Discussion
• Conclusions
• References

Relationship of Two PCR-RFLP in the Bovine Calpastatin Gene with Calpastatin Activity, Meat Tenderness, and Carcass Traits
H.Y. Chung, M.E. Davis, and H.C. Hines

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Statistical Analysis
• Results and Discussion
• Conclusions
• References

Relationships of Polymorphisms in the Pit-1 Gene with Growth Traits in Beef Cattle
Qun Zhao, M.E. Davis, and H.C. Hines

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Methods
• Statistical Analysis
• Results
• Conclusions
• References

Use of GNRH to Increase the Precision of Estrus and Augment Timed Insemination in Heifers Treated With Melengesterol Acetate and PGF2a
S.K. Johnson, J.E. Huston, D.E. Grum, and M.L. Day

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Experimental Procedures
• Results and Discussion
• Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• References

Supplements for Hay-Based Cattle Diets
Steven C. Loerch

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Experimental Procedures
• Results

High Oil Corn for Finishing Steers
Steven C. Loerch

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Experimental Procedures
• Results
• Acknowledgements

Effects of Trainer Cows on Performance of Newly Received Feedlot Calves
S.C. Loerch and F. L. Fluharty

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Experimental Procedures
• Results and Discussion
• Literature Cited

Effects of a Brief Pasture Period and Trainer Cows on Performance of Newly Received Feedlot Calves
S.C. Loerch and F.L. Fluharty

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Experimental Procedures
• Results and Discussion
• References

Effect of Source and Color of Cattle on Performance of Steers in the OARDC Feedlot
S.C. Loerch, F.L. Fluharty, and P.A. Tirabasso

• Abstract
• Procedures
• Results and Discussion

Effects of Limit-Feeding Grain or Altering the Proportion of Dietary Corn Silage on Performance of Feedlot Steers
J.E. Rossi and S.C. Loerch

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Statistical Analysis
• Results and Discussion
• Implications
• References

Altering the Proportion of Corn Silage in Diets of Feedlot Steers Fed to Achieve Stepwise Increases in Growth
J.E. Rossi and S.C. Loerch

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results and Discussion
• Implications
• References

Effect of Age at Feedlot Entry on Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Bulls and Steers
J.P. Schoonmaker, F.L. Fluharty, S.C. Loerch, and T.B. Turner

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results and Discussion
• Implications
• References

Dairy

Milk Fat - It's Good for You!
Donald L. Palmquist

• Introduction
• Milk Fat Composition
• Synthesis of Milk Fat
• Long Chain Fatty Acids
• Ruminal Biohydrogenation
• Physical Structure of Milk Fat
• Nutritional and Health Aspects of Milk Fat
• Health Aspects of New Developments in Milk Fat Research
• What About the Future?
• References

Factors Affecting the Production of Conjugated Linoleic Acid in Dairy Cows
X. Qiu, M. L. Eastridge , and J. L. Firkins

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
  • Experiment 1
  • Experiment 2
• Results and Discussion
  • Experiment 1
  • Experiment 2
• Conclusions
• References

Conjugated Linoleic Acid in Milk from Cows on Pasture
M. L. Eastridge and X. Qiu

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results and Discussion
• Summary
• Acknowledgements
• References

Roasted Soybeans and Oxidized Flavor of Milk
J.S. Timmons*, W.P Weiss , D.L. Palmquist, and W.J. Harper

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results and Discussion
• Conclusions
• Acknowledgements

Effect of Supplemental Dietary Biotin on Performance of Holstein Cows in Early Lactation
C.A. Zimmerly and W.P. Weiss

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results and Discussion
• Conclusions
• References

Effectiveness of Whole Cottonseeds and Wet Brewers Grains to Replace Forage in Dairy Rations
J.L. Firkins, D.I. Harvatine, S. Ivan, and M.L. Eastridge

• Introduction
  • Whole Linted Cottonseeds and Chewing
  • Whole Cottonseeds Affect Rumen Fill and Passage Rate
  • Easiflo Cottonseed
  • Wet Brewers Grains
• Materials and Methods
• Results and Discussion
• References

Effects of Two Sources of Calcium Soaps on Performance of Lactating Cows
M. L. Eastridge and X. Qiu

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results and Discussion
• Summary
• Acknowledgement
• References

Environmental Conditions within Tunnel-Ventilated and Naturally Ventilated Dairy Freestall Facilities
Richard Stowell, Curt Gooch, and Scott Inglis

• Summary
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
  • Instrumentation
  • Data Collection
• Results and Discussion
  • Overall Temperature Comparison
  • Temperature-Humidity Indices
  • Spatial Variation
  • Airspeed Comparisons
• Conclusions
• Acknowledgement

Mastitis Fads and Fashions
Joe Hogan and K. Larry Smith

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Fads
  • Barrier Teat Dips with Germicides
  • Selective Dry Cow Therapy
  • Disinfecting Organic Bedding
  • Dry Cow Barrier Teat Dips
  • Spraying Teat Disinfectants
• Fashions
  • Sand Bedding
  • Improved Dry Cow and Maternity Housing
  • Micronutrients
  • Coliform Mastitis Vaccines
• Conclusions

Troubleshooting Mastitis Problems
Joe Hogan and K. Larry Smith

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Identifying the Problem
• Current and Previous Conditions
• Conclusions

Efficacy of Immunization with Ferric Citrate Receptor (FecA) Against Clinical Coliform Mastitis
K. Takemura, J. Lin, K. L. Smith, and J. S. Hogan

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results
• Discussion

Characteristics and Management Practices of Herds Enrolled on Official Dairy Herd Improvement Association (DHIA) Testing Programs in Nine Ohio Counties
M.L. Khaitsa, K.H. Hoblet, K. L. Smit , T.E. Wittum, and J.L.Henderson

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results
  • General Information and Farm Characteristics
  • Milking Facility and Milking Procedure
  • Udder Health
  • Nutrition
• General Management
  • Housing
  • Reproduction
  • Other Management Practices
  • Herd Characteristics/Management Practices and Their Relationship to Milk Production
• Discussion
• Conclusion
• References

Equine

Behavioral Detection of Estrus in Mares Using Auditory and Olfactory Stimuli
C. Callahan, R. Kline, S. Boysen, and W. Threlfall

Effect of Three Day Versus Four Month Weaning on the Growth of Foals
K. Larson and R. Kline

Meat

Improvement of the Physicochemical Properties of Pale Soft and Exudative Pork Meat Products with an Extract from Mechanically Deboned Turkey Meat
C.T. Li and M. Wick¹
The Ohio State University Department of Animal Sciences

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results and Discussion
• Conclusions
• Implications
• References

Spectrophotometric Determination of Lamb Tissue Peroxide Value
C.T. Li^*, M. Wick^*1 and D.B. Min^#
The Ohio State University Department of Animal Sciences^*, and
The Ohio State University Department of Food Science and Technology^#

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Experimental Procedures
• Figure 1. Flow diagram depicting the 2-thiobarbituric method.
• Figure 2. Flow chart comparing the AOCS peroixide value method and spectrophotometric peroxide method (SPM).
• Figure 3. Spectrophotometric analysis of 10^-3 N iodine (dotted line) and iodine-starch complex (solid line) from 400 nm to 900 nm. Absorption spectrum indicates the absorption maximum of iodine-starch complex is 563 nm.
• Figure 4a and b. Iodine-starch standard curve (A) and spectrophotometric peroxide value versus absorbance at 563 nm (B). Curve derived by plotting iodine-starch complex concentration versus absorbance at 563 nm. Linear regression analyses (straight line) used to produce the equation employed to calculate the peroxide value.
• Results and Discussion
• Acknowledgement
• References

Effects of Electrical Stimulation on Lipid Oxidation, Warmed-over Flavor, and Quality of Roast Beef
H.W. Ockerman¹ and J.H. Cheng
The Ohio State University Department of Animal Sciences

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Table 1. A 9-point category scores for descriptive attributes of precooked roast beef.
• Data Analyses
• Results & Discussion
• Table 2. Significances of main effects electrical stimulation (ES) and storage time and two-way interactions for different measurements of precooked roast beef during refrigerated storage¹.
• Table 3. Means (standard deviations) of chemical compositions of raw beef without or with electrical stimulation (ES).
• Table 4. Effect of electrical stimulation on pH values and roast beef flavor scores of precooked roast beef during refrigerated storage.
• Table 5. Main effect of electrical stimulation or time on TBARS values, shear values, WOA, WOF and tenderness of precooked roast beef.
• Conclusions
• References

Viscosity of Semimembranosus And Longissimus Dorsi Bull Muscle Homogenates
Herbert, W. Ockerman^1* and Tomasz Lesiów^**
*The Ohio State University Department of Animal Sciences
^**University of Economics, Quality Analysis Department, Poland

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Experimental
• Results and Discussion
• Conclusions
• References

The Growth of Pseudomonas Flourences and Non-Pathogenic E. Coli in Aseptically Obtained Fresh Ground Beef Under 7OC Refrigerated Storage
Yi-mei Sun and H. W. Ockerman1
The Ohio State University Department of Animal Sciences

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results and Discussions
• Conclusions
• References

Update on Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE, Mad Cow Disease)
H.W. Ockerman¹ and L.Basu
The Ohio State University Department of Animal Sciences

• Abstract
• Update
  • 1970-1989
  • 1990-present
  • Late breaking news
• References

Effects of Nitrate and Storage on the Properties of Tumbled Dry-Cured Hams
H.W. Ockerman^*1 and J.C. Kuo^**
*The Ohio State University Department of Animal Sciences
^**Tunghai University Department of Food Science,Taiwan

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results and Discussion
• References

Reduction of Bacterial Contamination on Pork by Using a Lactic Acid Dip Solutions
Herbert W. Ockerman^1*, Komkhae Pilasombut^**, Jutarat Sethakul^**, and Yanin Opatpatanakit^**
*The Ohio State University Department of Animal Sciences
^**King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Department of Animal Production Technology,Bangkok, Thailand

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results and Discussion
• Conclusions
• References

Reduction of Bacterial Contamination on the Surface of Pork Carcasses by the Use of Lactic Acid and Chlorine Solutions
Herbert W. Ockerman^1*, Jutarat Sethakul^**, Komkhae Pilasombut^**, and Prapaporn Khopaiboon^#
*The Ohio State University Department of Animal Sciences
^**King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (KMIT'L) Department of Animal Production Technology and #Department of Agricultural Industry, Thailand

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results and Discussion
• Conclusions
• References

The Effects of Electrical Stimulation on the Sensory and Instron Textural Measurements of Mutton Tissue
Herbert W. Ockerman^1*, Mete Yanar^**,and Hasan Yetim^#
*The Ohio State University Department of Animal Sciences
^**Ataturk University Department of Animal Science,Turkey
^#Ataturk University Department of Food Engineering, Turkey

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results and Discussion
  • Sarcomere Length
  • Sensory Evaluation and Fragmentation Index
  • Instron Warner-Bratzler Test
  • Instron Compression Test
• Conclusions
• References

Lactic acid and Chlorine Solutions Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella derby
Herbert W. Ockerman^1*, Komkhae Pilasombut^**, Jutarat Sethakul^**, and Adisorn Sawetwiwat^#
*The Ohio State University Department of Animal Sciences
^**King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (KMITL) Department of Animal Production Technology, Thailand and
^#Department of Agricultural Industry,Thailand

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Methodology
• Results and Discussion
• Conclusions
• References

The Influence of Egg White and Tumbling on Gel Texture of Catfish Muscle
H.W. Ockerman^1* and H. Yetim^**
*The Ohio State University Department of Animal Sciences
^**Ataturk University Department of Food Science,Turkey

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results and Discussion
  • Gel Strength
  • Texture Profile Parameters
• Conclusions
• References

Poultry

A Summary of the Effect of Selection for Increased Body Weight in Turkeys on the Immune System
Z. Li, K.E. Nestor, and Y.M. Saif

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results
• Discussion
• Acknowledgments
• References

Genetic Variations in Pure Lines and Crosses of Large Bodied Turkey Lines.
1. Body Weight, Walking Ability, and Body Measurements of Live Birds
K.E. Nestor, J.W. Anderson, and S.G. Velleman

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Statistical Analysis
• Results
• Discussion
• Acknowledgments
• References

Genetic Variations in Pure Lines and Crosses of Large Bodied Turkey Lines.
2. Carcass Traits and Body Shape
K.E. Nestor, J.W. Anderson, and S.G. Velleman

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Statistical Analysis
• Results
• Discussion
• Acknowledgments
• References

Mode of Inheritance of the Low Score Normal Condition in Chickens
S.G. Velleman and K.E. Nestor

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Statistical Analysis
• Results and Discussion
• References

β1 Integrin Expression during Normal and Low Score Normal Avian Myogenesis
S.G. Velleman and M. Wick

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Statistical Analysis
• Results and Discussion
• Acknowledgments
• References

Sheep

Utilization of Corn and Soyhulls in Lamb Finishing Diets
S.C. Loerch, G.D. Lowe, and D.D. Clevenger

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Experimental Procedures
• Statistical Analysis
• Results and Discussion
• References

Corn Grain or Soybean Hulls as a Forage Replacement in Diets of Lactating Ewes
S.C. Loerch, G.D. Lowe, and D.D. Clevenger

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Experimental Procedures
• Results and Discussion

Effects of Limiting Feed Availability on Performance of Lambs
S.C. Loerch, P.A. Tirabasso, G.D. Lowe, and D. Clevenger

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Experimental Procedures
• Results and Discussion
• References

Swine

Ascorbic Acid Synthesis in Fetal, Nursing, and Weanling Pigs
S. Ching and D.C. Mahan

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results and Discussion
• Acknowledgments
• References

Effect of Dietary Energy Source (Carbohydrate or Soybean Oil) on Postweaning Pig
S. Ching and D.C. Mahan

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Experimental Procedures
• Results
• Discussion
• References

Effects of Dietary Lysine Level and Source, and Added Dextrose on Lactating Sow and Litter Performance
J.C. Peters and D.C. Mahan

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Experimental Procedures
• Results and Discussion
• Conclusions
• References

Efficacy of a Plant/Yeast Protein Source in Weaning Pig Starter Diets
T.G. Wiseman, D.C. Mahan, B.G. Harmon, and N.L. Trottier

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Experimental Procedures
• Results
• Discussion
• Implications
• References

Evaluating the Effects of Soybean Meal Particle Size on Amino Acid Ileal Digestibility in Grower-Finisher Swine
N.D. Fastinger and D.C. Mahan

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Experimental Procedures
• Results and Discussion
• Summary
• References

Particle-Size Evaluation of Grain Fed on Ohio Swine Operations
D.E. Ricker and S.J. Moeller

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results and Discussion
  • Hammer Mills
  • Roller Mills
  • Statistical Analysis and Findings
• Summary
• References

An Investigation into the Genetic Controls of Pork Quality:
I. Association Studies with Leptin Receptor, Melanocortin-4 Receptor, Melanocortin-5 Receptor, and Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor-γ
Rebecca Emnett, Steven Moeller, Keith Irvin, Max Rothschild, Graham Plastow, and Rodney Goodwin

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results
  • Leptin Receptor
  • Melanocortin-4 Receptor
  • Melanocortin-5 Receptor
  • Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor-γ
• Summary
• Acknowledgements
• References

An Investigation into the Genetic Controls of Pork Quality:
II. Association Studies with Heart Fatty Acid Binding Protein-1 and Calpastatin
Rebecca Emnett, Steven Moeller, Keith Irvin, Max Rothschild, Graham Plastow, and Rodney Goodwin

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results
  • Heart Fatty Acid Binding Protein
  • Calpastatin
• Summary
• Acknowledgements
• References

Physical Assignment of Adipocyte Determination and Differentiation Factor-1 and Pyruvate Dehydrogenase E1-alpha in the Pig
Rebecca Emnett, Steven Moeller, Keith Irvin, Max Rothschild, and Eli Grindflek

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Results
• Summary
• References

Examination of the Relationship Between the Prolactin Receptor Gene and Reproductive Tract Components in Swine
B.J. Isler, K.M. Irvin, M.F. Rothschild, and G. J. Evans

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Statistical Analysis
• Results and Discussion
• Conclusions
• References

The Association Between the Estrogen Receptor Locus and Growth, Carcass, and Developmental Traits in Pigs
T.D. Leeds, K M. Irvin, and S.J. Moeller

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Statistical Analysis
• Results
• Discussion
• References

Utilizing Muscle Glycolytic Potential to Indicate Rendement Napole Gene Status in Hampshire-Sired Pigs
S.J. Moeller, R.S. Emnett, T.J. Baas and K.M. Irvin

• Abstract
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Statistical Analysis
• Results and Discussion
• Implications
• References